CIA World Factbook Photos, Part 2: Afghanistan, Turkey, Pakistan

The space once occupied by the “Large Buddha,” one of two 6th century statues demolished in 2001 by the Taliban in Bamyan Province, Afghanistan.

Continuing viewing photos accompanying country pages in the CIA World Factbook, this post moves along to Afghanistan, Turkey.

I found one answer to my bafflement at why some countries have pictures and others don’t, which I mentioned last time. Reading the updates on the Factbook website home page, I learned that it only started providing photos in June, and the addition of pictures is continuing, albeit gradually. Something to bear in mind as you file away ideas on where to look for public domain images of places around the world.

All photos in this post courtesy of CIA World Factbook and taken from the country’s entry on the Factbook website.

View of surrounding farmlands from within the caves at the “Large Buddha” in Bamyan Province, Afghanistan.

Turquoise lake in Band-e-Amir, a national park in Bamyan Province, Afghanistan.

Bamyan lakes region, Bamyan Province, Afghanistan.

The “Red City,” Bamyan Province, Afghanistan, named for the red clay used to construct the buildings,  preserved  by the arid climate.

Reaching heights of 130 feet, these rock formations, nicknamed “fairy chimneys,” were formed by volcanic eruptions and sculpted by wind and rain erosion. Cappadocia region, Turkey.

Sultan Ahmed Mosque (the Blue Mosque), Istanbul, Turkey

The Roman Theater in Ephesus, Turkey.

The Hunza Valley, Pakistan

CIA World Factbook Photos, Part 1: Greece, Albania, Croatia, Slovenia, Hungary, Slovakia

As noted in the last post, there is a page for each country in the CIA World Factbook. All have maps and and cover the same categories of facts. Additionally, there are a handful of photographs on some nations’ pages.

What is good about these is this statement that you find accompanying each thumbnail photo you click on:

Factbook photos – obtained from a wide variety of sources – are in the public domain and are copyright free.

But there are several odd things about these photos. The first is the absence of any reason why some countries have them and some don’t. For example, there are 15 photos of Jordan, and none of Iran or Iraq, 10 of Libya and none of Ethiopia, 11 each of Albania and Croatia, and none of Ukraine, Romania, or Bulgaria. The other is that by and large, these are tourist brochure shots: pyramids in Egypt, lions in Kenya.

But they are in the public domain, and it can be hard to find public domain photos of places outside the US since the understanding that photos taken by Federal employees on the job belong to the public is not an opinion globally shared.

So let’s start our world tour by meandering through Central Europe and the Balkans.

GREECE

Santorini, an island 120 miles southeast of mainland Greece.

14th century Rousanou Monastery, Meteora region, Greece

Poros, Greece

Parthenon, Athens, Greece

ALBANIA, CROATIA, SLOVENIA, HUNGARY, SLOVAKIA

The central tower of Petrela Castle outside Tirana, Albania, was erected around 500 A.D.

Tirana, Albania, and Mount Dajti, Dinaric Range

Looking down on Dubrovnik, Croatia

Dubrovnik, a walled port city on the Adriatic Sea.

Predjama Castle, Slovenia, is built into a huge cave

Slovenia: Church of the Assumption and Bled Castle on Bled Island, and the Julian Alps.

The Danube River as seen from Buda; across the river in Pest is the Parliament Building. Buda and Pest united together are Budapest, Hungary.

Fortress outside Eger, Hungary

Bratislava Castle, Bratislava, Slovakia

Tatra mountains seen from rural Slovakia

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Slovakia

Slovenia

It Was 20 Years Ago Today: Berlin Wall

Although the official dismantling of the Berlin Wall occurred between June and November of 1990, November 9, 1989, is remembered as the day the Berlin Wall effectively came down. New travel policies allowing East Berliners to travel to the West were drafted to take effect November 17, 1989, but when the announcement was made, that had not been made clear, and the assumption was that travel could begin immediately. As huge crowds came to the wall, the handful of  guards at the checkpoints realized that the most sensible policy was to move that date forward a bit.

I’m adding a new source for public domain images in this post: the US Army. Here is its policy:

US Army Images

“Images on the Army Web site are cleared for release and are considered in the public domain. Request credit be given as “Photo Courtesy of U.S. Army” and credit to individual photographer whenever possible.”

Before

“A U.S. tank crew stands guard at Checkpoint Charlie in West Berlin in 1961 during one of several standoffs between U.S. personnel and East German police that year. The sign in the upper right of the photo bears the famous remark made by Walter Ulbricht, General Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany on June 15, 1961: ‘Niemand hat die Absicht, eine Mauer zu errichten — Nobody has any intention of building a wall.’ Two months later construction on the Berlin Wall began.” [US Army]

“Soldiers from the U.S. Army Berlin Command face off against police from the former East Germany during one of several standoffs at Checkpoint Charlie in 1961. On several occasions that year, a U.S. quick reaction force of tanks and infantry Soldiers stood watch as armed military policemen escorted U.S. personnel across the border into East Berlin.” [US Army]

The Wall Goes Up

“East German construction workers building the Berlin Wall, November 20, 1961.”

Photo/Caption Credit: National Archives

Aerial view of Berlin with yellow line denoting location of Berlin Wall. [NASA]

President John F. Kennedy mounts platform overlooking Berlin Wall.  06/26/1963 [ARC 194226]

The Wall Comes Down

A preserved portion of the Berlin Wall.  [CIA W Fb]

The US Army Checkpoint (Checkpoint Charlie); the former crossing point between East and West Berlin. [CIA W Fb]

Sections of the Berlin Wall on display at the US Air Force Museum. [USAF]

 

Note: Arc= National Archives, CIA W Fb=CIA World Factbook

CIA World Factbook: Maps

The CIA World Factbook is a great source for public domain maps. On the opening page under Reference: Regional Maps, you can choose from 16 maps of continents, world regions, or the world at large, and from the drop-down menu on this page, you can access several hundred national or regional maps. That these maps are in the public domain is explained by this notice:

CIA Factbook Copyright Notice

Unless a copyright is indicated, information on the Central Intelligence Agency Web site is in the public domain and may be reproduced, published or otherwise used without the Central Intelligence Agency’s permission. We request only that the Central Intelligence Agency be cited as the source of the information and that any photo credits or bylines be similarly credited to the photographer or author or Central Intelligence Agency, as appropriate.

If a copyright is indicated on a photo, graphic, or any other material, permission to copy these materials must be obtained from the original source.

This copyright notice does not pertain to information at Web sites other than the Central Intelligence Agency Web site.

Regional maps, for example of the Arctic [Arctic pdf], are available as jpegs and pdfs. What I can show you here are the jpegs, but I’m also giving you the pdf links. The pdfs are, as you’d expect, much crisper.

Oceania [pdf]:

and the Middle East [pdf]:

Once you choose a country from the drop-down menu, you’ll discover a useful feature. The relative location of nations and territories on their continent is provided as a secondary map. In other words, let’s say you need a map of Andorra.

Andorra

While the country map gives you some notion of where the nation is since you can see that it borders Spain and France, the secondary map gives a better idea of where the Spanish-French border is interrupted by this small country, its area just 2.5 times the size of Washington DC.

Andorra

For each nation, the maps are accompanied by a drop-down menu for 9 items ranging from a general introduction to descriptions of its people, government, geography, economy, military, communications, transportation, and transnational issues.

For example, on Andorra’s page, under Background, we learn

For 715 years, from 1278 to 1993, Andorrans lived under a unique co-principality, ruled by French and Spanish leaders (from 1607 onward, the French chief of state and the Spanish bishop of Urgel). In 1993, this feudal system was modified with the titular heads of state retained, but the government transformed into a parliamentary democracy. Long isolated and impoverished, mountainous Andorra achieved considerable prosperity since World War II through its tourist industry. Many immigrants (legal and illegal) are attracted to the thriving economy with its lack of income taxes.

By the way, at seven-tenths the size of Washington DC’s Mall [or .44 sq km]  the world’s smallest sovereign state (and third smallest in population) recognized in the CIA World Factbook is the Holy See (Vatican City).

Maps of the Gaza Strip and West Bank are included:

Gaza Strip

You would need to know what area of the world the Gaza Strip is in for the map above to make much sense, but compare it to the regional map in the first part of the post, and you’ll see that the white area here represent water.

Territories are also mapped. Here are South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands, UK territories, also claimed by Argentina.

Location of South Georgia and Sandwich Islands relative to South America.

These islands aren’t the only territorial disputes that the UK is handling; according to the CIA World Factbook:

in 2002, Gibraltar residents voted overwhelmingly by referendum to reject any “shared sovereignty” arrangement between the UK and Spain;… Spain disapproves of UK plans to grant Gibraltar greater autonomy; Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago (British Indian Ocean Territory), and its former inhabitants since their eviction in 1965;…in May 2006, the High Court of London reversed the UK Government’s 2004 orders of council that banned habitation on the islands; UK rejects sovereignty talks requested by Argentina, which still claims the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands;… Iceland, the UK, and Ireland dispute Denmark’s claim that the Faroe Islands’ continental shelf extends beyond 200 nm.

Here we also learn that the long form of what we abbreviate as UK is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (Great Britain includes England, Scotland, and Wales) and that its dependencies include

Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Gibraltar, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, Saint Helena, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Turks and Caicos Islands.

location of Gibraltar

location of Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)

location of British Indian Ocean Territory

location of Faroe Islands

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The United States has its own share of dependencies:

American Samoa, Baker Island, Guam, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Islands, Navassa Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Palmyra Atoll, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, Wake Island

note: from 18 July 1947 until 1 October 1994, the US administered the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands; it entered into a political relationship with all four political units: the Northern Mariana Islands is a commonwealth in political union with the US (effective 3 November 1986); the Republic of the Marshall Islands signed a Compact of Free Association with the US (effective 21 October 1986); the Federated States of Micronesia signed a Compact of Free Association with the US (effective 3 November 1986); Palau concluded a Compact of Free Association with the US (effective 1 October 1994)

Where are the Northern Mariana Islands, a commonwealth of the US?  Back to the drop-down menu, and on to these maps and facts:

location of the Northern Mariana Islands, a US commonwealth in the Northern Pacific Ocean

Northern Mariana Islands

Not far away are the Federated States of Micronesi, Palau,  and the Marshall Islands.

Federated States of Micronesia

Marshall Islands

 

Palau

location of Federated States of Micronesia location of Marshall Islands

location of Palau

The US  connection to these islands began in WWII. In the Marshall Islands,

Compensation claims continue as a result of US nuclear testing on some of the atolls between 1947 and 1962. The Marshall Islands hosts the US Army Kwajalein Atoll (USAKA) Reagan Missile Test Site, a key installation in the US missile defense network.

And what about Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Islands, and Palmyra Atoll?

location of the United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges

United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges

Collectively designated  the United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges,

“These remote refuges are the most widespread collection of marine- and terrestrial-life protected areas on the planet under a single country’s jurisdiction. They sustain many endemic species including corals, fish, shellfish, marine mammals, seabirds, water birds, land birds, insects, and vegetation not found elsewhere.”

There are

“no indigenous inhabitants” and “public entry is by special-use permit from US Fish and Wildlife Service only and generally restricted to scientists and educators.”

Color Transparencies by Farm Security Administration/Office of War Information Photographers, or Photographic Legacy of New Deal Stimulus Plan, continued

It seems like a good time to visit the Library of Congress’s American Memory Collection again, this time to sample some of the color transparencies produced by the photographers working for the Farm Security Administration or Office of War Information between 1939 and 1945 during the  New Deal era (see previous post, Photographic Legacy of New Deal Stimulus Plan).

The Library of Congress estimates that while 164,000 black and white negatives (and 107,000 prints) from this effort are in its collection, there are just 1600 color images (only a selection are digitized).

About the color transparencies:

There are 1, 610 color images in the collection which date from between 1939 and 1945. They were produced under the auspices of the Farm Security Administration (FSA) and the Office of War Information (OWI). Most of the 644 images produced by the FSA are 35 mm Kodachrome slides; a few are color transparencies in sizes up to 4×5 inches. These photographs depict life in the United States, including Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, with an emphasis on rural areas and farm labor. The 965 images from the OWI are color transparencies in sizes up to 4×5 inches. These photographs focus on industrial facilities and women employees, railroads, aviation training, and other aspects of the mobilization effort for World War II.

All images courtesy of the Library of Congress’s American Memory Collection. Digital IDs and photographers’ names accompany photos’ captions.

Boys fishing in a bayou, Schriever, La. Cajun children in a bayou near the school. Terrebonne, a Farm Security Administration project. LC-DIG-fsac-1a34362 DLC. By Marion Post Wolcott

Natchez, Miss., 1940. fsac 1a34333. By Marion Post Wolcott

Shepherd with his horse and dog on Gravelly Range, Madison County, Montana, 1942. fsac 1a35022. By Russell Lee

Federal housing project on the outskirts of the town of Yauco, Puerto Rico, 1942. fsac 1a34039. By Jack Delano

Worker inspecting a locomotive on a pit in the roundhouse at the C & NW RR's Proviso yard, Chicago, Ill., 1942. fsac 1a34652. By Jack Delano

Retiring a locomotive driver wheel, Shopton, Iowa. The tire is heated by means of gas until it can be slipped over the wheel. Contraction on cooling will hold it firmly in place. Santa Fe R.R., 1943. fsac 1a34707. By Jack Delano

House, Houston, Texas, 1943. fsac 1a35441. By John Vachon

CIA World Factbook: Flags, Part 4.

Our last look at flags from the CIA World Factbook is a hodgepodge.

I like the flag of the British Indian Ocean Territory because of its wavy stripes:

The stylized boat on the flag for French Polynesia is quite nice, and I like the hat on Lesotho’s:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

So are the shields on Swaziland’s and Kenya’s:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I find the design of the flag for the Northern Mariana Islands not entirely successful, even after the explanation that what the wreath surrounds is “a latte stone (a traditional foundation stone used in building).”  Why is the stone obscured by a star? And as much as I like the sailing ship,  Saint Pierre and Miquelon’s  just has too much going  on.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Can’t make the same complaint about Libya’s:

Just plain green.

And now, my very favorite of all. It is tempting not to look for an explanation of why it is as it is, but instead simply to enjoy the flag of the Isle of Man:

But I couldn’t resist visiting the Isle of Man website, where I learned, in essence, that the meaning of the legs is anyone’s guess:

National symbol

The National Symbol is the Three Legs of Man, first officially used in the early fourteenth century on the Manx Sword of State. The legs, clad in armour and bearing spurs, run in a clockwise direction and bear the Latin motto ‘Quocunque Jeceris Stabit’ or ‘Whichever way you throw it, it will stand’ – a testament to islanders’ independence and resilience. The Three Legs also appear on the Manx Coat of Arms, flanked by a Peregrine Falcon and a Raven.

The source of the legs emblem is subject to many theories including the legend of the Island God Manannan, who is said to have set fire to the Legs in a fit of rage and hurled them down the hill in a burning wheel. The Legs are also related to Sicily’s emblem of three naked legs surrounding the head of Medusa, and the swastika, both of which can be traced back to pagan symbols representing the Sun.

 

Credits for all images of flags: The CIA World Factbook

CIA World Factbook: Flags, Part 2. Flora and Fauna

Continuing to look at the public domain images of flags in the CIA World Factbook , this time we’re moving on from birds to other animals, along with plants, on a selection of flags.

Lions often appear in coats of arms, which are widely included in flag designs. Bermuda’s is one of the more unusual. I can’t figure out how the body parts of this lion hang together, let alone why a sinking ship is what a red lion would want on its shield.

Compare that lion to Sri Lanka’s flag’s:

The Cayman Islands’ also has a lion, but I’m more attracted by its turtle.

Another coat of arms, this one with a sheep, is displayed on the Falkland Islands’ flag:

Then there’s Bhutan’s dragon and Mayotte’s seahorses:

Now look at this one for South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands. A seal and penguin support a shield featuring a lion and topped by a reindeer. A reindeer?  On Antartic islands? Well may you ask. But they’re there, descendants of  herds brought by Norwegian whalers in 1910.  The motto at the base of the coat of arms, LEO TERRAM PROPRIAM PROTEGAT, means Let the Lion Protect its Own Land. I suppose the lion must mean the UK. Certainly there are no lions in these islands, which are also claimed by Argentina.

And here’s another rather odd coat of arms, on the flag for the Turks and Caicos Islands. The light brown thing is fairly obviously a lobster. The pink thing is a conch shell, and once you’re told that, you can probably agree it is one. But what is that black and red thing? A cactus, of course. I’m not making this up. The CIA Factbook says so.

So I had a look for why the coat of arms for these Caribbean islands would feature a cactus, and discovered that there is such a thing as the “turks head cactus.” Here’s a picture of a variety found in Arizona from the Fish and Wildlife Service. There’s a picture of one that more closely resembles the thing on the coat of arms over at the Turks and Caicos National Museum website, but it isn’t in the public domain, so you’ll have to go here to see it.

credit: USFWS

More trees than you might expect appear on national flags. Canada’s maple leaf is a familiar plant design on a flag, but here are a few more:

The coat of arms of Equatorial Guinea has a a silk-cotton tree at its center.

Here’s another with some kind of vegetation on a coat of arms, but you might have trouble figuring out what you are seeing. Fiji’s flag:

You got the lion, dove, and palm tree, but how about the others? Give up? Try sugarcane and bananas. As for what the lion is holding, the CIA Factbook didn’t help me. But the website for Fiji High Commission says it’s a cocoa pod.

The Factbook wasn’t much help in figuring out the Pitcairn Islands’ coat of arms, either, other than that a shield with an anchor was part of it.

So I went over to the Picairn Islands website’s store and found that “Surmounting the shield is a helmet crested with a Pitcairn Island wheelbarrow carrying a flowering slip of miro (a local plant).” The territory’s homepage summarizes its history: “With a population of only around fifty, the people of Pitcairn are descended from the mutineers of HMAV Bounty and their Tahitian companions.”

Finally, a few simple designs. A bauhinia flower is the inspiration for Hong Kong’s flag. A lotus is at the center of Macau’s.

Lebanon has a cedar, and Norfolk Island, a Norfolk pine.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Credits for all images of flags: The CIA World Factbook.

CIA World Factbook Flags, Part 3: Sun and the Moon and the Stars

Here are some more public domain images of flags from the CIA World Factbook. Suns, the moon, and stars are the the theme for this post.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Argentina and Uruguay both use blue and white stripes and yellow suns. But I much prefer the face of Argentina’s. It reminds me of the sun that rises on The Teletubbies. Uruguay’s big nosed, crinkly chin face belongs on a grumpy old man.

The description of the flag of Bangladesh from the CIA Factbook says this red circle is the rising sun. Japan’s flag also has a red disk representing the sun, but it is against a field of white and is centered. Now look at Palau’s flag. A sun against a blue sky, right? Wrong. This circle is a moon.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nepal, the only country with a flag that is not a rectangle or a square, has a sun on its bottom triangular pennant, and what is described as a moon on the top one. The crescent moon design is clear, but what is behind it — the sun or a star or the sun-as-star?

The flags of the world have more stars than I want to count, some single, some mimicking constellations, some in circles. Ethiopia and Morocco have single pentacles.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Brazil’s 27 stars for its 27 administrative districts are arranged to suggest constellations visible in the Southern Hemisphere.

The flag for the European Union is among those that have stars arranged in a circle, as does Cape Verde’s.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

One, that of  Bosnia and Herzegovina, has half stars:

Lots of  flags, especially those of Islamic nations, have stars and crescent moons. Flags of Comoros, Mauritania, Tunisia
and Turkey:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Credits for all images of flags: The CIA World Factbook.

From The CIA World Factbook: Public Domain Images of Flags, Part 1: Birds

The CIA World Factbook is a place to go for public domain maps and images of flags. We’ll start with flags.

CIA Factbook Copyright Notice:

Unless a copyright is indicated, information on the Central Intelligence Agency Web site is in the public domain and may be reproduced, published or otherwise used without the Central Intelligence Agency’s permission. We request only that the Central Intelligence Agency be cited as the source of the information and that any photo credits or bylines be similarly credited to the photographer or author or Central Intelligence Agency, as appropriate.

If a copyright is indicated on a photo, graphic, or any other material, permission to copy these materials must be obtained from the original source.

This copyright notice does not pertain to information at Web sites other than the Central Intelligence Agency Web site.

My next couple of posts will show you some flags, chosen simply because I like them or because they are ones I haven’t often — or ever –seen. Nations are listed at the end of the post.

A number of flags feature birds of one sort or the other, including the sisserou parrot, golden bosun bird, frigate bird, bird of paradise, Zimbabwe bird, quetzal, and red-crested crane:

But most popular are eagles, sometimes with two heads, sometimes not.

 

 

Nations:

• Dominica
• Christmas Island
• Papua New Guinea
• Guatemala
• Kiribati
• Zimbabwe
• Uganda
• Albania
• American Samoa
• Ecuador
• Montenegro
• Mexico
• Moldovia
• Serbia
• Virgin Islands
• Zambia

From the Image Gallery of the Agricultural Research Service, USDA: Part 2

Small farm near Ames, Iowa

Last time I showed examples of public domain images of fruits and vegetables from the USDA’s Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Image Gallery. Here are some other examples from its nine categories of pictures; visit the site to download 640 pixel images. Catalog ID numbers and photographer, if available, are listed at the end. All images courtesy ARS-USDA.

Fire lily

Asian beetle

Bird-of-paradise

Wind turbines

Sunflowers in Fargo, North Dakota

Selectively bred carrots

Credits:

Fire lily, a Cyrtanthus hybrid. K5547-10. Photo by Scott Bauer.

Barn. K7862-1. Scott Bauer.

Flower of bird-of-paradise. K9054. Scott Bauer.

Asian beetle, Harmonia axyridis. K7033-20. Scott Bauer.

Sunflowers. K5751-1. Photo by Bruce Fritz.

Wind turbines. K5474-13. Scott Bauer.

Carrots. K11611-1. Photo by Stephen Ausmus.

Charleston hot peppers. K5047-1. Scott Bauer.